Linux is an open-source operating system that has been around since the 1990s. It has been the choice of thousands of developers and system administrators ever since. This command-line interface (CLI) is where most of the work is performed, and one of the most basic and widely used CLI commands in Linux is \"ls\". As the name suggests, this command is used to list directories and files. In this article, we'll explore the 'ls' command in detail.
Basic Usage of 'ls' Command
In its simplest form, the 'ls' command lists the contents of the current working directory (CWD). When you open a terminal or SSH into a Linux machine, you're placed into the CWD. The command is simply executed by typing 'ls' and pressing enter. The 'ls' command displays a list of files and directories in the terminal window. By default, the list is in alphabetical order, but this behavior can be modified with various options, which we will discuss later.
When you execute 'ls' without any arguments, the command displays only the name of the files and directories contained in the CWD. However, it's often useful to display more information about each file or directory in the list. This can be achieved by passing options to the 'ls' command.
Advanced Usage of 'ls' Command
The default output of the 'ls' command doesn't give you much information other than the file/directory name. However, there are many options that can be specified to customize the output. One of the most common options is \"-l\", which displays the following set of data:
- File permissions
- Number of links
- Owner
- Group
- Size
- Last modification date and time
- Filename
Another useful option is \"-a\", which lists all files and directories, including hidden directories and files that start with a dot. Hidden files are those that are not displayed in the default output of the 'ls' command. Hiding files is a common practice for configuration files, which are usually located in the user's home directory.
Other useful options include \"-R\", which lists files and directories recursively, and \"-t\", which sorts the files and directories by time stamp, with the newest first. You can combine multiple options together to customize the output further.
Conclusion
The 'ls' command is a basic and essential command in Linux. It is used to list files and directories and can be used to display additional information about them. The 'ls' command has many options and can be customized to fit your needs. Hopefully, this brief introduction to the 'ls' command has helped you in your Linux journey. Stay tuned for more articles on Linux commands and tips.
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